Indian business plan on investing more than $10 billion in Afghanistan to promote economic growth in an effort to help stabilize the country and reduce the risk of terrorism; according to S. M. Krishna, India’s external affairs minister, Indian industry will focus in particular on developing mines and building a steel plant; Krishna called for a new Marshall Plan to assist with Afghanistan’s four deficits – security, governance, development, and investment; “Afghanistan needs time, development assistance, preferential access to world markets, foreign investment and a clear end-state and strategy to make sure that it does not once again plunge into lawlessness, civil war, and externally sponsored extremism and terrorism,” Krishna said