Senate Democrats criticize political involvement in toxic chemical decisions

Democratic senators accused the Bush administration Tuesday of injecting politics into the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) assessment of health risks from toxic chemicals, citing a congressional investigation which concluded the assessments are being undermined by secrecy and White House involvement. “By placing politics before science, the Bush administration is putting the public in harm’s way,” said Senator Barbara Boxer (D-California), at a hearing into EPA’s toxic chemical programs. A report by the Government Accountability Office (GAO) said that the White House’s demand for broad interagency involvement in EPA’s toxic chemical risk assessments is undermining the agency’s ability to make timely, science-based conclusions on the cancer risks and other health impacts of many chemicals. John Stephenson, GAO’s director of natural resource programs, told the Senate Environment Committee that the White House Office of Management and Budget is not only closely involved in the chemical assessments but “actually dictating which assessments that the EPA can undertake.”

AP reports that at issue is the EPA’s screening of chemicals used in everything from household products to rocket fuel to determine whether they pose serious risk of cancer or other illnesses. EPA assistant administrator James Guilliford said that outside agency and White House involvement in the chemical reviews is beneficial and that the agency has “a process that ultimately results in a science based result. Ultimately at the end of the day, it’s EPA’s decision,” said Guilliford, who oversees the EPA’s pesticide and toxic substance programs. The administration’s decision to give the Defense Department and other agencies an early role in the process adds to years of delay in acting on harmful chemicals and jeopardizes the program’s credibility, the GAO concluded. A review process begun by the White House in 2004 and imposed formally by the EPA earlier this month is adding more speed bumps for EPA scientists, the GAO said in its report. GAO investigators said extensive involvement by EPA managers, White House budget officials, and other agencies has eroded the independence of EPA scientists charged with determining the health risks posed by chemicals. Many of the deliberations over risks posed by specific chemicals “occur in what amounts to a black box” of secrecy because the White House claims they are private executive branch deliberations, the report said.

The Pentagon, the Energy Department, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and other agencies — all of which could be severely affected by EPA risk findings — are being allowed to participate “at almost every step in the assessment process,” the GAO said. These agencies, their private contractors, and manufacturers of the chemicals could face new restrictions on using the chemicals and be saddled with major cleanup requirements, depending on the EPA’s scientific determinations. The risks data is widely used by EPA and states to determine levels of regulation and cleanup standards. “By law the EPA must protect our families from dangerous chemicals,” said Boxer, the Senate committee’s chairwoman. “Instead, they’re protecting the chemical companies.” The EPA’s risk assessment process “never was perfect,” Boxer said Monday. “But at least it put the scientists up front. Now the scientists are being shunted aside.”

The White House said the GAO is wrong in suggesting that the EPA has lost control in assessing the health risks posed by toxic chemicals. “Only EPA has the authority to finalize an EPA assessment,” Kevin Neyland, deputy administrator of the White House budget office’s Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, wrote in response to the GAO. He called the interagency process “a dialogue that helps to ensure the quality” of the reviews.